Evaluate the metabolic half-life of drug candidates in liver microsomes, S9 fractions, and hepatocytes from multiple species (human, rodent, non-human primates, etc.).
Measure intrinsic clearance and identify potential metabolic liabilities.
2. CYP450 Inhibition & Induction Assays
Assess the potential for drug-drug interactions (DDIs) by determining inhibition of major cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes (CYP1A2, 2C9, 2C19, 2D6, 3A4, etc.).
3. Plasma Protein Binding (PPB)
Determine the extent of drug binding to plasma proteins (e.g., albumin, α1-acid glycoprotein) using equilibrium dialysis, ultrafiltration, or ultracentrifugation methods.
Species-specific plasma binding studies for human, rat, dog, and non-human primates.
4. Blood-to-Plasma Partitioning
Evaluate drug distribution between red blood cells and plasma to assess compound pharmacokinetics and tissue exposure.
5. Metabolite Identification and Profiling
Identify and characterize drug metabolites using LC-MS/MS and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS).
Assess metabolite formation pathways and potential active/inactive metabolites.
6. Drug Permeability & Transporter Studies
Caco-2 & MDCK Cell Permeability Assays: Evaluate passive and active transport across biological membranes.
P-glycoprotein (P-gp) & BCRP Efflux Assays: Determine interactions with efflux transporters using bidirectional permeability studies.
OATP, OAT, OCT Transporter Assays: Assess uptake and efflux of compounds via key transporters relevant for drug absorption and distribution.
7. Drug Stability & Solubility Assessment
Evaluate compound solubility in various media (PBS, simulated gastric/intestinal fluids).
Assess chemical and enzymatic stability in simulated gastric/intestinal fluids and biological matrices (plasma, microsomes).
8. Customized DMPK Study Designs
Tailored study designs to fit specific compound requirements.
Regulatory-compliant (GLP and non-GLP) workflows available for early drug development and IND-enabling studies.